SPORT: vocabulary

Some popular sports:

A aerobics American football archery –archer athletics – athlete B badminton baseball basketball biathlon bicycle billiards bobsleigh bowling – bowler boxing – boxer bungee jumping C calisthenics  (artistic gymnastits) canoeing chess – chess-player cricket croquet curling cycling – cyclist D darts decathlon diving – diver discuss throwing draughts - draftsman E equestrianism – equestrian F fencing field hockey fishing figure skating fitness football Frisbee G gliding golf – golfer gymnastics – gymnast

H hammer throwing hang gliding handball high jump hiking hockey horse-riding, horse-racing hurdle races hunting – hunter I ice hockey ice skating J javelin throwing jogging – jogger judo jumping – jumper K karate kayaking – kayaker L long jump M marathon mountaineering moto-racing / car racing N Nordic skiing O Olympic Games P paragliding paintball parkour pentathlon ping pong pole vault polo power lifting

R racing – racer rafting relay rock climbing roller skating rowing – rower rugby        running – runner S sailing scubadiving shot put shootong skateboarding skiing – skier slalom sledding - sledder snorkeling snowboarding - snowboarder soccer speed skating squash Sumo wrestling surfing – surfer swimming - swimmer synchronized swimming T table tennis taekwondo tennis track and field events triathlon triple jump V volley ball W water polo water skiing weightlifting – weightlifter windsurfing wrestling – wrestler Y yachting yoga

Kinds of sports

Sports can be classified according the following categories:

- indoor - - outdoor - - team sports - - individual sports - - contact sports - - water sports -

- summer sports - - winter sports – - board games – - extreme sports – - personal achievements -

Participants

·         team -          national team -          Olympic team -          college team -          visiting team ·         official – суддя, арбітр ·         umpire – суддя (baseball, cricket, tennis) ·         referee (football, basketball, hockey, boxing) ·         judge

·         player ·         opponent / rival ·         coach / trainer ·         captain ·         sportsman ·         athlete ·         competitor ·         loser ·         winner

Audience

·         fan (football fan)

·         supporter              

 to support

·         spectator

Competition Sites - Places

·         gym ·         sports hall ·         stadium ·         arena ·         pool ·         sportsground ·         pitch / field ·         court

·         course ·         slope ·         ring ·         rink / ice rink ·         track ·         stands – трибуни ·         shooting gallery

Sports Equipment

arrow ball barbell beam / horizontal bar bat bike bow club сhessmen / chess piecesgear discus gloves goggles

стріла м’яч штанга перекладина бита велосипед лук ключка шахматні фігури диск спорядження печатки захисні окуляри

helmet javelin net ore puck racket roller-blades rope skates skis shuttlecock training suit trampoline

шолом спис сітка весло шайба ракетка ролики мотузка ковзани лижі воланчик спортивний костюм батут

Sports Phrases

to compete to play the game to win (won, won) the game/match/medal to beat (beat, beat) another team/person to lose (lost, lost) to draw (drew, drawn) to end the game in a draw to kick the ball to hit he ball to throw the ball

to catch the ball to serve the ball to smash the ball to score to open the score to even the score to hold the score to set a record to break the record to overtake

Sports terms

competition

contest

cup

tournament

champion

championship

equipment

goal

score

point

record

ELECTRIC CURRENT

ELECTRIC CURRENT

       The electric current is a quantity of electrons flowing in a circuit per second of time. The unit of measure for current is ampere. If one coulomb passes a point in a circuit per second then the current strength is 1 ampere. The symbol for current is I.

The current which flows along wires consists of moving electrons. The electrons move along the circuit because the e.m.f. (electromotive force) drives them. The current is directly proportional to the e.m.f.

       In addition to traveling through solids, however, the electric current can flow through liquids as well and even through gases. In both cases it produces some most important effects to meet industrial requirements.

       Some liquids, such as melted metals for example, conduct current without any change to themselves. Others, called electrolytes, are found to change greatly when the current passes through them.

       When the electrons flow in one direction only, the current is known to be d. c., that is, direct current. The simplest source of power for the direct current is a battery, for a battery pushes the electrons in the same direction all the time (i.e., from the negatively charged terminal to the positively charged terminal).

The letters a. c. stand for alternating current. The current under consideration flows first in one direction and then in the opposite one. The a. c. used for power and lighting purposes is assumed to go through 50 cycles in one second. One of the great advantages of a. c. is the ease with which power at low voltage can be changed into an almost similar amount of power at high voltage and vice versa. Hence, on the one hand alternating voltage is increased when it is necessary for long-distance transmission and, on the other hand, one can decrease it to meet industrial requirements as well as to operate various devices at home.

      Although there are numerous cases when d. c. is required, at least 90 per cent of electrical energy to be generated at present is a. c. In fact, it finds wide application for lighting, heating, industrial, and some other purposes.

II. Guess the meaning of the following international words:

      electric, ampere, symbol, proportional, industrial, metal, electrolyte, battery, generate.

III. Give the English equivalents for the words and word combinations below:

      a. 1) текти, протікати; 2) ланцюг, коло, схема; 3) одиниця виміру; 4) дріт; 5) електрорушійна  сила; 6) тверде тіло; 7) рідина; 8) проводити (струм); 9) джерело енергії; 10) постійний струм; 11) змінний струм; 12) напруга.

IV. Give Ukrainian equivalents for the following:

      b. 1) to meet industrial requirements; 2) melted metals; 3) to push in the same direction; 4) negatively (positively) charged terminal; 5) power and lightning purposes; 6) long-distance transmission; 7) to operate devices; 8) to find wide application.

V. Say whether these sentences are true or false:

      1. The symbol for current is I.

      2. The electric current can flow only through liquids.

      3. The current can be of two types: direct current and alternating current.

      4. The alternating current flows in one direction.

      5. A battery is the simplest source of power for the direct current.

      6. Direct current finds wider application than alternating current.

      7. Electrolytes don’t change greatly when current passes through them.

      8. One of the great advantages of alternating current is the ease with which voltage can be changed.

 

VI. Fill in the blanks, using the following words:

    direct current, solids, conduct, electric current, liquids, voltage, alternating

A quantity current of moving electrons flowing in a circuit is the a) _______ . The current can flow through b) ________ and c) ________ . Some liquids d) _______ current without any change to themselves. When the electrons flow in one direction only, the current is known to be e) _______ . The current flowing first in one direction and then in the opposite one is f) _______ . Such advantage of alternating current as alternating g) _______ finds wide industrial and household application.

 

VII. State the questions to the underlined words:

     1. Melted metals conduct current without any change to themselves.

     2. Alternating voltage can be changed to operate various devices at home.

     3. A battery pushes the electrons in the same direction.

     4. The alternating current is used for power and lightning purposes.

     5. Alternating current accounts for 90 per cent of electrical energy generated now.

 

VIII. Say some sentences about the types of electric current and its properties

LESSON PLAN

ШАБЛОН 

СТРУКТУРА УРОКУ / ПЛАН-КОНСПЕКТ УРОКУ

Lesson

Theme:

Aims: вдосконалювати лексичні навички й навички вимови; вдосконалювати навички аудіювання, читання й усного мовлення; розвивати логічне мислення; виховувати правильне ставлення до мистецтва

ХІД УРОКУ / PROCEDURE

I. PRELIMINARIES / ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНИЙ МОМЕНТ

1. Підготовка до сприйняття іншомовного мовлення

1.1. Greeting / Привітання

T: Good morning, dear pupils! I’m glad to see you.  Are you doing fine? Who is absent today?

T: So, let’s start.

1.2. Aim / Повідомлення теми і мети уроку  

T: In today’s lesson we are going to review the topic ….  We also will talk about …..

1.3. Phonetic drills / Фонетична зарядка

1.4.  Motivation

DON'T QUIT

When things go wrong, as they sometimes will,

When the road you're trudging seems all uphill,

When the funds are low and the debts are high,

And you want to smile, but you have to sigh,

When care is pressing you down a bit-

Rest if you must, but don't you quit.