ACROSS STATE SYSTEM

The UK political system vs UA political system

Political information of the United Kingdom 

Всеукраїнська школа онлайн.  Англійська мова 10 клас.

Дивіться урок за 30 квітня.

American Institutions

Link to this worksheet: https://www.liveworksheets.com/sf106245ek 

THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF THE USA 

            The USA under the Constitution is a republic. This means that its citizens elect those people who govern them. The USA is also a democracy. It means that the citizens have certain rights.

Under the constitution the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive and judicial.

The legislative branch is made up of elected representatives from all the states and it is the only branch that can make federal laws, declare war or put foreign treaties into effect.  It consists of Congress that is divided into two groups called houses: the House of Representatives and the Senate. The members of the House of Representatives are elected for two-year period term. Each House member represents a district of his or her home state. The House has 435 members. The Senate has 100 members: two for each state. The Senators are elected for a period of 6 years. Americans who are not yet 25 years old have no rights to be elected to the House of Representatives and those who are under 30 cannot be elected to the Senate.

The main duty of the Congress is to make laws. A law begins as a proposal called “a bill”. It is read, studied, commented on and amended in the Senate or in the House. Then it is voted upon.

The second branch of power is executive. The chief executive of the United States is the President, who together with   the Vice President is elected for a four-year term. A President can be elected for only two terms. Election Day is always in November on the first Tuesday of the month.

The President appoints the heads of the government departments: Defense, Justice, Agriculture, Education, Energy, and others. He also appoints federal judges, ambassadors and is responsible for foreign relations with other nations - he represents the United States abroad.

The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court.

Compare political systems of Ukraine, Great Britain and the USA.

	LEGISLATIVE			EXECUTIVE	JUDICIAL
Responsibility	Make laws			Carries out (executes) laws	Interprets the constitution and reviews laws. It determines whether laws are in accordance with the Constitution.
Ukraine – parliamentary presidential republic	The Verkhovna Rada			The President & the Government (Cabinet of Ministers)	Supreme Court & Constitutional Court
Great Britain – parliamentary monarchy	Parliament			Monarch &  the Government (Cabinet of Ministers)
	The House of Lords	The House of Commons
The USA  – federal republic	Congress			The President	Supreme Court
	The House of Representatives		Senate

Political System

Vocabulary

A

appoint - призначати

         to appoint Prime Minister

approve - погоджувати 

         approve a bill

authorities - органи влади, чиновники

authority - влада, повноваження

ambassador - посол
amendment - поправка

B
bill - законопроект

         to examine the bill - розглядати законопроект

         to pass the bill - прийняти законопроект

         to delay the bill - відкласти законопроект
branch of power - гілка влади

C
citizen - житель

Congres - Конгрес
constituency - виборчий округ

Constitution - Конституція

D
declare war - оголошувати війну

democracy - демократія

democratic - демократичний

duty - обов'язок 

Political System of Great Britain

Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. The King is formally at the head of the state. Everything is done in Ring’s name. But in fact the country is ruled by the Parliament consisting of two chambers (houses): the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The House of Commons is the lower House and the House of Lords is the upper one. The Prime-Minister is head of the Government.

The members of the House of Lords are not elected by the population. The head of the House of Lords is the Lord Chancellor. Near the throne of Lord Chancellor stands a special seat called the Woolsack. The Woolsack symbolizes the wealth of Great Britain.This tradition dates back to the time when Great Britain became rich for its textile and wool industry.

The members of the House of Commons are elected for a period of 5 years. The House of Commons makes the laws for the country. The members of the House of Commons belong to the different political parties and the Government of the country is formed by the party which has the greatest number of members elected to Parliament.

The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. That means it has a monarch at the head of the state. But the King’s power is not absolute. The monarch reigns with the support of Parliament. The was the saying "The Queen reigns but doesn’t rule". In practice, legislation is dominated by the Prime Minister and the Cabi­net, who initiate virtually all proposed bills and who are politically re­sponsible for the administration of the law and the affairs of the na­tion. The power of the Crown to veto legislation has not been exercised in over 280 years.

When the Parliament begins its work the Ring makes a speech in the House of Lords. This ceremony is significant and picturesque.